在人的一生，有些细微之事，本身毫无意义可言，却具有极大的重要性。事过镜迁以后，回顾其因果，却发现其影响之大，殊可惊人。

In the natural state, some people may be stronger or wiser than others, but no one is strong enough or wise enough not to fear death by violence. Since everyone instinctively needs more, and in fact everything is insufficient, people need to fight for more, all against all.

However, fighting in a natural state is not the optimal solution. Driven by self-interest at its most essential, people will want to end fights – “the zeal that tends toward peace is the fear of death, the desire for the things necessary for a comfortable life and the diligent hope of acquiring them”. When death is becoming a threat, people will do everything possible to protect themselves, so this is the highest necessity to avoid death and become the source of power. People cede their degrees of freedom to authority in order to protect their own survival and rights. However, everyone has different demands for individual rights. How to coordinate the relationship between people and authority?

Rousseau proposed the theory of “general will” to resolve the relationship between people and authority. The development of society makes it necessary for society to develop a common force that protects the individual’s personal and property. Rousseau believes that people’s rights such as freedom and equality belong to individuals, but the law that collects the will of all people belongs to the national level. On the premise of excluding the rich or powerful groups from curbing the expression of personal will, individuals form a general will by fully expressing their will, and then rise to “law” through a “judge” with divine status, so as to promote the formation of a reasonable and legitimate state power source.

But even so, the “general will” is still insufficient to represent the will of all citizens. So authority compartmentalize people and confer different identities to different people. These identities are apparently not equal, although some authorities do not admit this. It is through the distinction between the hierarchy that the authority achieves solid rule.

By means of the Jewish national cleansing, the will of the head of state was almost fulfilled. Some Eastern countries also fought protracted wars in which people were divided into the capitalist and the proletariat. In the subsequent massacre in Rwanda, Hutu and Husi slaughtered each other, eventually leading to genocide.

It is human nature to seek sanctuary and social belonging. By joining a collective, one can gain power, a sense of security, and overcome the powerlessness in the face of an increasingly highly organized society. These identities become their psychological refuge. To gain group acceptance through some kind of identity loyalty.

As a Chinese, the easiest challenge to “general will” is patriotism. Everything seems to end up being classified as “patriotic” or “unpatriotic.” From whether you can go out during the epidemic isolation, to whether you buy a Huawei phone.

Naturally, these “general wills” are not groundless but carefully deliberated by some people who have an axe to grind. Given the multiple identities of each of us, how should identity loyalty be prioritized? Do we have the right to decide our own identities? Can we fuck the bewitching and demagoguery of those careerists off?

Mr. Tagore’s words may serve as an answer to this question: “Patriotism cannot be our last spiritual refuge; The last refuge is human nature. I will not buy glass at the price of diamonds, and I will never allow patriotism to triumph over humanity as long as I live.”

Caution!

• The relationship among keywords could be interpreted in ambiguous ways since they are represented in the format of a semantic mind-map. Please just focus on KEYWORD in square box, and deem them as the essential parts to learn.
• The work of containing a plethora of keywords and knowledge within just an image has been challenging. Thus, please note that this roadmap is one of the suggestions or ideas.
• You are eligible for using the material of your own free will including commercial purpose but highly expected to leave a reference (https://github.com/graykode/nlp-roadmap).

想不到我之前这么中二…

不管哪个领域，都可以在上升期做科研，在平稳期做业务，在饱和期做教育，显然Andrew Ng是个明白人。

No matter what field you are in, you can do research in the growing period, dedicate into the industry in the steady period, and develop education in the saturation period. Obviously, Andrew Ng is a sensible person.

按理说，我们二十五六岁，买车买房，工作体面，不能再抱怨了。但是房，车，体面，这些都是大路商品。我有，其他人可能有我的一百倍，一千倍还多。但是十年的青春时光，每个人都只有一次。

我希望看到这里的人，可以记得未来很重要，但是二十多岁一定要快意，可以努力奋斗也可以玩，可以富有也可以贫穷，但不能扭曲，要快意。

当你26岁决定自己要不要成为30岁的博士时，要记得这件事。

To be honest, we have a decent job, house, car at the age of 25, should not complain more. However, cars/houses/good jobs, all of them, are general commodities, others may have them of ten times or even of hundred times than of what I have. But the ten years of youth, everyone has only one time.

So, please remember this thing, when you are 26 years old and decide whether you want to be a 30-year-old Doctor.

有机械者必有机事，有机事者必有机心。机心存于胸中，则纯白不备；纯白不备，则神生不定；神生不定者，道之所不载也。吾非不知，羞而不为也。

import numpy as np
import networkx as nx
from functools import reduce
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

connect_graph = np.array([[0, 1, 0, 0, 0], 
                          [0, 0, 0, 1, 0], 
                          [0, 0, 0, 1, 0], 
                          [0, 0, 0, 0, 1], 
                          [0, 0, 1, 0, 0]])

def ring_add(a, b):
    return a or b

def ring_multi(a, b):
    return a and b

def dot_product(i, j):
    row = connect_graph[i]
    column = connect_graph[:,j]
    return reduce(ring_add, [ring_multi(a, b) for a, b in zip(row, column)])

def next_generation(connect_graph):
    candidate_number = connect_graph.shape[0]

    new_connect_graph = np.zeros((candidate_number, candidate_number))

    for i in range(candidate_number):
        for j in range(candidate_number):
            new_connect_graph[i][j] = dot_product(i,j)
            
    return new_connect_graph

new_connect_graph = next_generation(connect_graph)

def draw_graph(connect_graph):
    G = nx.DiGraph()
    
    candidate_number = connect_graph.shape[0]
    
    node_name = list(range(candidate_number))
    G.add_nodes_from(node_name)
    
    for i in range(candidate_number):
        for j in range(candidate_number):
            if connect_graph[i][j]:
                G.add_edge(i, j)

    nx.draw(G, with_labels=True)

    plt.show()

draw_graph(new_connect_graph)

In general neural networks have a sort of loss like that:

However, The part of the denominator integral is intractable of finding an analytic solution solution in practice. Therefore, we are going to make a distribution approaching the original distribution. KL divergence can be used to indicate the difference between these two distributions.